1.DNS and VPN Basics

DNS (Domain Name System) and VPN (Virtual Private Network) are two different technologies that can work together to enhance privacy, security, and internet performance. Here’s how they relate and how you can use them:

• DNS: Translates domain names (e.g., google.com) into IP addresses. Your ISP or a third-party DNS (like Google DNS 8.8.8 or Cloudflare 1.1.1) typically handles this.
• VPN: Encrypts your internet traffic and routes it through a remote server, hiding your IP address and location.

How DNS Works with VPN

• When you use a VPN, your DNS queries should ideally go through the VPN provider’s DNS servers to prevent leaks.
• Some VPNs (like ProtonVPN, NordVPN) have built-in DNS leak protection.
• If a VPN doesn’t handle DNS properly, your requests might bypass the VPN (DNS leak), exposing your browsing activity.

Common DNS-VPN Scenarios

a) VPN with Custom DNS

• Some users prefer using a privacy-focused DNS (like Cloudflare, NextDNS, or ControlD) even while on a VPN.
• Some VPNs allow manual DNS configuration (e.g., in OpenVPN settings).

b) Smart DNS (for Streaming)

• Smart DNS is a DNS-based (not VPN) service that unblocks geo-restricted content (e.g., Netflix, BBC iPlayer) without encrypting traffic.
• Works faster than a VPN but lacks encryption.

c) DNS over VPN (DoVPN)

• Your DNS queries are encrypted and routed through the VPN tunnel, preventing ISPs from snooping.

d) DNS over HTTPS (DoH) or DNS over TLS (DoT)

• Encrypts DNS queries separately from the VPN (e.g., Firefox uses Cloudflare DoH).
• Works alongside VPNs but can sometimes cause leaks if not configured properly.

Preventing DNS Leaks

• Use a VPN with DNS leak protection (check via DNS Leak Test).
• Enable the VPN’s kill switch to block traffic if the VPN disconnects.
• Manually set DNS to the VPN provider’s servers (or a trusted DNS like 1.1.1 if allowed).

Best VPNs with Reliable DNS

• Mullvad (No-logs, built-in DNS blocking)
• ProtonVPN (Secure Core DNS)
• NordVPN (Private DNS + CyberSec for blocking ads/malware)
• IVPN (Anti-tracking DNS)

Should You Use a Separate DNS with a VPN?

✅ Yes, if:

• Your VPN allows custom DNS (for extra privacy/blocking ads).
• You need a filtering DNS (like NextDNS for parental controls).

❌ No, if:

• Your VPN has strict no-logging policies and you trust their DNS.
• You want to avoid potential leaks.

Final Recommendation

If privacy is your goal, use a VPN with its own DNS to prevent leaks. If you need extra features (like ad-blocking), pair it with a secure third-party DNS (e.g., NextDNS). For streaming, consider Smart DNS if speed is a priority over encryption.

Would you like help setting up a specific VPN with custom DNS?